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MySQL Java Connector
Coffee Connector
MySQL provides connectivity for Java client applications with MySQL Connector/J, a commuter that implements the Java Database Connectivity (JDBC) API. The API is the industry standard for database-independent connectivity betwixt the Java programming linguistic communication and a broad range of – SQL databases, spreadsheets etc. The JDBC API can practise the following things :
- Establish a connection with a database or admission any tabular data source.
- Send SQL statements.
- Recollect and process the results received from the database.
In the post-obit section, we have discussed how to install, configure, and develop database applications using MySQL Connector/J (JDBC driver).
MySQL Connector/J version :
| Connector/J version | JDBC version | MySQL Server version | Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| v.1 | three.0, 4.0 | iv.1, 5.0, 5.i, 5.five, 5.6, 5.7 | Recommended version |
| 5.0 | 3.0 | 4.1, five.0 | Released version |
| three.i | iii.0 | four.1, 5.0 | Obsolete |
| 3.0 | 3.0 | three.x, iv.i | Obsolete |
Download Connector/J :
MySQL Connector/J is the official JDBC driver for MySQL. You tin can download the latest version of MySQL Connector/J binary or source distribution from the following web site -
http://dev.MySQL.com/downloads/connector/j/
For Platform Independent select any one from the following :
For Microsoft Windows :
Installation
Yous can install the Connector/J package drivers using either the binary, binary installation or source installation. The binary method is like shooting fish in a barrel which is a bundle of necessary libraries and other files pre-built, with an installer plan. The source installation method is important where you want to customize or modifies the installation process or for those platforms where a binary installation packet is not available. Apart from that solution, you manually add the Connector/J location to your Java classpath.
MySQL Connector/J is distributed as a .zip or .tar.gz archive containing the sources, the grade files. After extracting the distribution archive, y'all tin install the commuter past placing MySQL-connector-coffee-version-bin.jar in your classpath, either by adding the full path to it to your classpath environment variable or by directly specifying it with the command line switch -cp when starting the JVM.
You tin gear up the classpath environment variable under Unix, Linux or Mac Os X either locally for a user within their .profile, .login or some other login file. You tin can also set information technology globally past editing the global /etc/profile file.
For case add the Connector/J driver to your classpath using one of the following forms, depending on your command crush :
# Bourne-uniform shell (sh, ksh, bash, zsh): beat out> consign CLASSPATH=/path/MySQL-connector-coffee-ver-bin.jar:$CLASSPATH # C trounce(csh, tcsh): beat out> setenv CLASSPATH /path/MySQL-connector-java-ver-bin.jar:$CLASSPATH
In Windows 2000, Windows XP, Windows Server 2003 and Windows Vista, yous can set the environment variable through the Organization Control Panel.
Install Java Connector on Microsoft Windows
Select and download the MSI installer packages from http://dev.MySQL.com/downloads/connector/j/ equally per your requirement.
At present follow the post-obit steps :
Step -1 :
Double click the installer (here it is "MySQL-connector-java-gpl-5.1.31.msi")
Stride -2 :
Click on 'Run' and complete the process.
Connecting to MySQL using MySQL Connector/J
The following instance shows how to connect/terminate and handle errors. (Java version 7 Update 25 (build 1.vii.0_25-b16))
import coffee.sql.Connection; import coffee.sql.DriverManager; import java.sql.SQLException; public class test { public static void main (String[] args) { System.out.println("\n\n***** MySQL JDBC Connection Testing *****"); Connection conn = nix; try { Grade.forName ("com.MySQL.jdbc.Driver").newInstance (); String userName = "root"; String countersign = "pqrs123"; String url = "jdbc:MySQL://localhost/sakila"; conn = DriverManager.getConnection (url, userName, password); System.out.println ("\nDatabase Connection Established..."); } grab (Exception ex) { System.err.println ("Cannot connect to database server"); ex.printStackTrace(); } finally { if (conn != null) { try { Arrangement.out.println("\due north***** Allow terminate the Connection *****"); conn.close (); System.out.println ("\nDatabase connection terminated..."); } catch (Exception ex) { Organization.out.println ("Error in connectedness termination!"); } } } } } Explanation:
To create a java jdbc connection to the database, you must import the post-obit coffee.sql parcel.
- import java.sql.Connectedness;
- import java.sql.DriverManager;
- import java.sql.SQLException;
Now nosotros volition brand a class named 'test' and and so the principal method.
To create a connectedness to a database, the code is :
conn = DriverManager.getConnection (url, userName, password);
The JDBC DriverManager form defines objects which tin connect Coffee applications to a JDBC commuter. DriverManager is the backbone of the JDBC architecture. The DriverManager has a method called getConnection(). The method uses a jdbc url, username and a password to institute a connectedness to the database and returns a connectedness object. Nosotros take used the following url, username and password in the above code.
- The url string is "jdbc:MySQL://localhost/sakila" where the first part "jdbc:MySQL://localhost" is the database type (hither information technology is MySQL) and server (here it is localhost). Rest function is the database proper name (here it is 'sakila').
- The user name for MySQL is divers inside the variable 'userName'.
- The password for MySQL is defined within the variable 'password'.
The DriverManager attempts to connect to the database, if the connection is successful, a Connection object is created, (here it is chosen 'conn') and the plan will brandish a message "Database Connection Established..."
If the connection fails (east.thou. supplying wong password, host address etc.) so you demand to handle the state of affairs. We are trapping the error in catch part of the endeavour … catch argument with advisable messages and finally close the connection.
Compile and Run it
Assume that 'test.java' is stored in E:\ and 'MySQL-connector-java-5.one.31-bin.jar' is stored in "C:\Program Files\MySQL\MySQL Connector J\".
Notation : The class path is the path that the Java Runtime Surround (JRE) searches for classes and other resources files. Yous tin can change the class path past using the -classpath or -cp selection of some Java commands when you phone call the JVM or other JDK tools or past using the classpath environment variable.
Querying information using MySQL Connector/J
Suppose we desire to get the names (first_name, last_name), bacon of the employees who earn more than the average salary and who works in any of the IT departments.
Structure of 'hr' database :
Sample table : employees
SQL Lawmaking :
SELECT first_name, last_name, salary FROM employees WHERE department_id IN (SELECT department_id FROM departments WHERE department_name Similar 'IT%') AND salary > (SELECT avg(salary) FROM employees); Here is the Java Lawmaking (version vii Update 25 (build ane.7.0_25-b16))
import coffee.sql.Connection; import java.sql.DriverManager; import java.sql.SQLException; import java.sql.Statement; import java.sql.ResultSet; public form testsql { public static void principal (Cord[] args) { Connection conn = nada; endeavor { Form.forName ("com.MySQL.jdbc.Commuter").newInstance (); String userName = "root"; String countersign = "datasoft123"; Cord url = "jdbc:MySQL://localhost/hr"; conn = DriverManager.getConnection (url, userName, password); // Run SQL -> get-go from here Argument stmt = null; ResultSet rs = aught; try { stmt = conn.createStatement(); rs = stmt.executeQuery("SELECT first_name, last_name, bacon FROM employees WHERE department_id IN (SELECT department_id FROM departments WHERE department_name LIKE 'It%') AND salary > (SELECT avg(bacon) FROM employees)"); // Extract data from result set up Arrangement.out.println ("\due north-------------SQL DATA-------------\n"); while(rs.next()){ //Retrieve by column proper noun Cord fname = rs.getString("first_name"); String lname = rs.getString("last_name"); int salary = rs.getInt("Salary"); //Brandish values System.out.print("Name " + fname+' '+lname); System.out.print(",Salary: " + bacon); } System.out.println ("\n\northward-------------END-------------\n"); } catch (SQLException ex){ // handle any errors System.out.println("SQLException: " + ex.getMessage()); Arrangement.out.println("SQLState: " + ex.getSQLState()); System.out.println("VendorError: " + ex.getErrorCode()); } finally { if (rs != null) { try { rs.shut(); } take hold of (SQLException sqlEx) { } // ignore rs = zilch; } if (stmt != aught) { attempt { stmt.close(); } catch (SQLException sqlEx) { } // ignore stmt = zilch; } } // SQL end at hither } grab (Exception ex) { System.err.println ("Cannot connect to database server"); ex.printStackTrace(); } finally { if (conn != nix) { try { ///Arrangement.out.println("\n***** Let terminate the Connection *****"); conn.shut (); // System.out.println ("\n\nDatabase connection terminated..."); } catch (Exception ex) { System.out.println ("Error in connection termination!"); } } } } } Compile and Run information technology
Assume that 'testsql.coffee' is stored in E:\ and 'MySQL-connector-java-5.i.31-bin.jar' is stored in "C:\Program Files\MySQL\MySQL Connector J\".
Note : The form path is the path that the Java Runtime Surround (JRE) searches for classes and other resources files. You lot tin change the class path past using the -classpath or -cp choice of some Java commands when you call the JVM or other JDK tools or past using the classpath environment variable.
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